Due to the nature of Irlen Syndrome, various subtests of the Wechler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV), and  of the Woodcock-Johnson Psychoeducational Battery, Third Edition, Cognitive and Achievement (WJ-R) are adversely affected.  In addition, continuous performance tasks reliant on visual processing, such as The Test of Variables of Attention-Visual (TOVA-Visual), are also negatively impacted and may, in some cases, produce false positives for ADHD. Irlen lenses may bring the standard scores into the Average range with no other intervention, thus those suspected of ADHD should be screened for Irlen Syndrome and, if appropriate, tinted prior to administration of such visual tasks.

Though not yet done in formalized research, empirical evidence suggests that standard scoresmay be as much as one and one-half standard deviations higher when individuals with Irlen Syndrome utilized Irlen lenses. The more heavily reliant a task is upon visual processing, the greater the improvement once the Irlen Syndrome has been appropriately addressed. Specifically, caution should be taken before concluding that a diagnosis of ADHD is accurate when the assessments are heavily dependent upon visual processing and a screening for Irlen Syndrome has not been performed.

By Andrew G. Yellen, Ph.D.

From The Irlen International Newsletter  January, 2006

Go to THIS LINK at Evans Consulting

Arizona newspaper article by Paula Abromovitz, Irlen diagnostician

A MAGNETOENCEPHALOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF VISUAL INFORMATION PROCESSING IN

IRLEN’S SCOTOPIC SENSITIVITY SYNDROME

by Jeffrey David Lewine, Ph.D, John Davis, Ph.D., Sherri Provencal, M.A.,

James Edgar, M.A., and William Orrison, Jr., M.D.

Conducted at The Center for Advanced Medical Technologies, The University of Utah School of Medicine,

Salt Lake City, Utah, and Department of Psychology, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico

Many persons with poor reading skills and habits demonstrate significant visual fatigue and discomfort when

observing high contrast, high luminance stimuli. Dizziness, headaches, strain or fatigue are some of the

ancillary findings in Scotopic Sensitivity/Irlen Syndrome (SSS) that compound reading difficulties. Under high

luminance conditions, words distort. They may float above the page or jumble into a wavy, incomprehensible

tangle. The background may pulsate or eradicate parts of letters. Several behavioral studies demonstrate that

many of the deleterious aspects of the condition can be alleviated by wearing colored Irlen lenses, the best color

being different for each patient.

At present, the relevant physiological mechanisms are unknown; but presumably they are related to altered

visual information processing. In this study, magnetoencephalography (MEG) was used to characterize visual

responses in conditions with and without lenses. Steady-state visual evoked magnetic fields were recorded from

8 subjects with SSS and 8 normal control subjects using a 122-channel, whole-head biomagnetometer. During

the testing, subjects fixated the center of a 4 square checker board that contrast reversed every 200 msec. There

was a small black circle at fixation that briefly flashed white every 1-2 seconds, and subjects were instructed to

count flashes.

For the SSS group, each subject was evaluated with and without custom colored Irlen lenses. Control subjects

were tested without lenses and with a lens pair that caused the maximum change in luminance. In all cases, the

evoked magnetic signal reflected a complicated pattern of bilateral activation of multiple cortical generators. A

major difference in with and without lens conditions was seen between 170 and 200 msec post-stimulus.

For normal subjects, without lenses, the field pattern at this time was mostly dipolar and reflected midline

calcarine activity. When lenses were on, the pattern was much more complex, reflecting multiple generators.

The reverse situation was seen for 6 or 8 subjects with SSS. That is, a complex field pattern was seen without

lenses, whereas an organized dipolar pattern was seen with lenses.

Note: Sorry, but I could not get the formatting  resolved.  Roger Wheaton

Sixteen-year-old Michelle Carter’s world looks a whole lot clearer thanks to a pair of purple glasses. Michelle was diagnosed in New Zealand at age seven and she used to avoid reading.

See this excellent brain scan within the article “What is Irlen Syndrome?” Notice the large white areas illustrating how hard the brain is working to perceive without Irlen filters.

Read about brain scans by referring to Neuroimagery on Wikipedia

Reading Disabilities and the Effects of Colored Filters

The Effects of Irlen Colored Lenses on Students’ Specific Reading Skills and Their Perception of Ability: a 12-Month Validity Study

Scotopic Sensitivity Syndrome/Irlen Syndrome and the Use of Coloured Filters: a Long-term Placebo Controlled and Masked Study of Reading Achievement and Perception of Ability

Some Research and Other Papers Relating to Irlen Filters and Irlen Syndrome   (Scroll to bottum)

Irlen Filters and Reading Strategies: Effects of Coloured Filters on Reading Achievement, Specific Reading Strategies, and Perception of Ability

This is a real life story of a man with Asperger’s Syndrome who was helped enormously by an Irlen tint that is not even noticeable. This tells me that one can resolve Irlen Syndrome without assuming it will necessitate a dark tint. I had considered the title “The world that was attacking Chris Cooke now finds Chris attacking his world; he is reading, driving and running with his new Irlen filter lenses.”

Chris Cooke is a 34-year-old accountant working in London and living in Folkestone, England with his wife (me) and one year old daughter. Chris has been wearing his filters for over a year now. They are part of everyday life and you would never catch him without his filters on, even going to the toilet in the middle of the night!

So how did it all happen? Well, it all came to a head the day before Christmas Eve, 2006, driving to my parents’ house to drop off Christmas presents, me singing away to the radio, and I turned to see Chris in the passenger seat looking sad and upset. I stopped singing and asked what was wrong. He said he couldn’t cope anymore. “What do you mean,”I asked, and then he explained. Chris felt the world was coming at him. Everything kept moving and he was feeling sick and hated going to unfamiliar places, especially if they had bright lights.

A week after this, having talked over and over what was happening, we started looking on the Internet and researching Chris’ symptoms. As Chris has Asperger’s Syndrome we started there but could only find support and help for children. Chris then came across Irlen Syndrome. He went through the checklist and had almost every single one of the symptoms suggesting signs of Irlen Syndrome so we rang the doctors.

Two days later Chris got an appointment and we discussed what we had found. The doctor did not recognise Irlen and although he looked it up on the Internet while we were there, he could not help. As I am a teacher I knew a child at school had Irlen and wore filters so I traced the child’s parents and asked if they had a contact number and that is how Chris got his initial screening, the screening that would change our lives and the life of our unborn daughter forever.

Before finding out and getting filters for his Irlen Syndrome Chris was a typical man on the outside, but inside every day was hard work and heavy going. From a young age Chris was a competitive runner, but as he got older it became harder and harder to concentrate on his running when “the world was coming at him.” The pavement moved like an ocean and trees and buildings would come at him as he ran. The world became too scary to run so he gave up a promising running passion and, as with many of the things Chris liked, hid from it. Now, since having his filters Chris has started up running again and found it a relaxing and enjoyable experience, so much so that he has started to run competitively and hopes to run the London Marathon next year. Chris now describes it as ” the world now stays still and the only thing moving is me.”

Living in Folkestone and working in London the journey isn’t pleasant for anyone, but Chris used to describe his journey to and from work as hell and when you listen to the details of the lights flicking and chairs flying at you, patterns of the seats swimming around in front of your eyes and the people coming from nowhere, I think it truly was. Chris would get home from work most days with a headache and throw up, his eyes would always be very red and sore. Now Chris still doesn’t enjoy his travel to work, but with his filters everything is how it should be and this is useful time he uses to study for promotion at work and read.

Studying and reading sound like simple things everyone can do, but when you have to fold a newspaper into tiny parts to read it you can understand the joy this brings. Now Chris likes to hold the broadsheet as wide as possible to take it all in (a little extreme and annoying but what a change). Chris says that his Irlen filters extend the point at which overload occurs. His concentration period at work before taking a break has gone from approximately ten minutes to about forty-five.

In 2006 we got married and as we planned to have a family we decided Chris should learn to drive. Sundays from then on were awful. Chris hated driving and had no perception of where the car was on the road and cars seemed to come at him. We now know what a danger Chris would have been to himself and others and thank goodness he recognised something wasn’t right and said so. Since Chris has had his filters he has been driving and is amazed that everything seems a lot simpler and is going to be starting his lessons up again soon.When we had our daughter in 2007 we were very grateful for Chris’ filters and he feels that without them he would not have been able to cope. He says that without his filters he would not be able to look after her, change her nappy or push the pram. But with them he is a fantastic Dad.

Chris’ filters have helped in so many different areas of our lives it is hard to share them all but being able to wash up without five breaks, mow the grass without the blades of grass and trees coming at him and no longer being “scared of heights” as everything moves when you look at it, has changed our lives.The initial assessment was a little scary as we had no idea what would happen. It was also an emotional time to openly admit to these problems for the first time. The full assessment was amazing. Chris describes it as “The day he opened his eyes and saw the world the way everyone else see it.” The process is very exciting and to watch your husband’s face go from sheer fear looking at a picture to smiling was a moment I will never forget.

I just wanted to share with you one of the best things that has happened to our little family and hope that sharing our story may help someone else to “see the world the way everyone else does.”

A footnote: For those of you not familiar with English terms a nappy is a diaper and a broadsheet is a newspaper. Roger Wheaton

If you or someone in your family with Asperger’s Syndrome has an Irlen success story you can share, please leave a comment or better yet e-mail me at wheat42@hotmail.com with your story so I can share it here.

Read how Ryanne is seeing the world in a whole new light thanks to his green-tinted glasses.

Read real life accounts of four people who came to an Irlen diagnostician after their opticians’ “precision colored lenses”failed to help.

Note: Choose “Comparisons between Irlen and colorimeter”.

Then select “Clients Views” at the top right